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Jan 09, 2011· Therefore, when measurements are made using crusher gauges, the pressure is listed in mega-pascals (MPa - the SI standard unit of pressure) or pounds per square inch (psi - the imperial standard unit of pressure) followed by the letters CUP or LUP to indicate that the measurements were done using crusher .
Piezo measurements tend to read slightly higher than copper crusher measurements as they more accurately read pressure peaks. The standards are set in the following SAAMI publications. Not all specifications have been changed to piezo measurement. The standards are available in printed format at the prices below.
Pressure measured by copper crusher gauge is always less than the true pressure due to the following reasons i Inertia inherent in the system Once a round is fired for pressure measurement the process starts with the burning of primer/ignition of propellant hence burning of propellant...
Oct 13, 2014· CUP Pressure Measurement The CUP system uses a copper crush cylinder which is compressed by a piston fitted to a piston hole into the chamber of the test barrel. Pressure generated by the burning propellant causes the piston to move and compress the copper cylinder. This will give it a specific measurable size that can be compared to a set ...
Pressure measured by copper crusher gauge is always less than the true pressure due to the following reasons i Inertia inherent in the system Once a round is fired for pressure measurement the process starts with the burning of primer/ignition of propellant hence burning of propellant...
crusher installed onto a pressure barrel. In this pressure measurement system, a small hole is drilled through one wall of the case in line with the piston hole, generally at mid-case location. The gas check, piston, and copper crusher are installed and retained with the thumb screw. When fired,
3. The System Design. In normal pressure proof barrels, barrel has one drilled hole for chamber pressure measurement (either for copper crusher or for piezo transducer), whereas, in this study, a comparison of pressures measured by copper crusher as well as piezo is done at the same location using same barrel keeping all other parameters constant.
To this day, most published chamber pressure (MAP) data for metallic cartridges is taken by the copper crusher method of measurement. The proper name for this type of measurement is CUP, or Copper Units of Pressure. Another, similar, method uses lead crusher pellets and the resulting pressure values are called "Lead Units of Pressure," or LUP.
There have been other means to test pressure, such as a copper crusher, or even lead crusher, but they are long retired means. There is no direct correlation between this antique pressure measurements to the modern Piezo Transducer. So while it is an interesting footnote it is no longer a useful measurement technique for modern ballistics.
call out a material and process specification specific to the RFPI crusher), so they must have intended that those who followed in their footsteps would use the detailed material and process specification called out for the pressure measurement/CFPI copper crushers. In June 2013, an RFQ was issued for the 22 showlong/long rifle, 22 Winchester ...
Oct 13, 2014· CUP Pressure Measurement The CUP system uses a copper crush cylinder which is compressed by a piston fitted to a piston hole into the chamber of the test barrel. Pressure generated by the burning propellant causes the piston to move and compress the copper cylinder. This will give it a specific measurable size that can be compared to a set ...
copper sphere deflection and pressure level that is presented in copper crusher gage tarage tables. For each type of transducer, U samples were placed in the oorts of the hydrodynamic generator. Ten shots were fired at a pressure level of approximately 379 MPa (55,000 PSI). The static test for .
Background Timeline • Circa 1860, use of copper crusher gages began (static calibration used) • Circa 1920, use of electronic chamber pressure transducers began • Circa 1960, dynamic calibration of crusher gages began (25% improvement) • 1990 NATO crusher trials imply 1% difference between US (Tourmaline) and French (Quartz) measurements (Everyone celebrates excellent
Apr 18, 2015· A: Copper Unit of Pressure (CUP) is a measurement used in the ammunition industry to determine the chamber pressure created by a cartridge load. Originally, a precisely formed copper slug was placed in a fixture over the chamber. When the cartridge was fired, the amount of crushing measured on the slug allowed engineers to determine the pressure.
Crusher rods were previously calibrated in a testing machine under various pressure loads, and the corresponding compression was measured and recorded in a "tarage table." Comparing the compressed length of the copper crusher rod from the pressure barrel to a corresponding length in the tarage table produced a reading in copper units of ...
Copper Crusher Pressure Measurement Tools Sahajvle wilhelm handke crusher gauge Miscellaneous Questions Fr Frogs Piezo measurements tend to read slightly higher than copper crusher When the length of the cartridge case is less than 30 mm pressure measurement will take place between 5 mm and 25 mm from the base of the 28 gauge 12500 all.
Oct 13, 2014· CUP Pressure Measurement The CUP system uses a copper crush cylinder which is compressed by a piston fitted to a piston hole into the chamber of the test barrel. Pressure generated by the burning propellant causes the piston to move and compress the copper cylinder. This will give it a specific measurable size that can be compared to a set ...
Oct 11, 2020· A little bit on chamber pressure measurement. There are five (5) different ways to measure chamber pressure: 1) case mouth, copper crusher 2) case mouth, transducer 3) mid-case, direct, copper crusher (drill a hole in the case wall) 4) mid case, direct, transducer 5) mid case, conformal transducer (transducer measures through the case wall)
Copper units of pressure or CUP, and the related lead units of pressure or LUP, are terms applied to pressure measurements used in the field of internal ballistics for the estimation of chamber pressures in firearms.These terms were adopted by convention to indicate that the pressure values were measured by copper crusher and lead crusher gauges respectively.
Oct 11, 2020· A little bit on chamber pressure measurement. There are five (5) different ways to measure chamber pressure: 1) case mouth, copper crusher 2) case mouth, transducer 3) mid-case, direct, copper crusher (drill a hole in the case wall) 4) mid case, direct, transducer 5) mid case, conformal transducer (transducer measures through the case wall)
The M-11 Copper Crusher Gage is a device which measures peak pressure developed in the chamber of large caliber weapons. This gage is one of two models used by the U.S. Army in testing gun systems and is used for high pressure measurements between 150 and 550 MPa. In the Third NATO Crusher Gage Comparison Trials held at Meppen,
crusher installed onto a pressure barrel. In this pressure measurement system, a small hole is drilled through one wall of the case in line with the piston hole, generally at mid-case location. The gas check, piston, and copper crusher are installed and retained with the thumb screw. When fired,
Such measurements are stated in PSI. For low pressures a lead crusher can be used and measurements are in LUP. Typical Dual Measurement (Copper & Piezo-Electric) Pressure Gun. Expansion Ratio - The ratio of the capacity of the powder chamber plus bore (in grains of water) to the capacity of the powder chamber (in grains of water).
The calssical methods for pressure measurements of large calibre ammunition are still by means of copper crushers or by piezoelectric transducers mounted in the breech or barrel or with cartiridge case adapators. Requiring external charge amplifiers, sensitive piezo cables and data processing systems.
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